MODERN VIRGINIA HISTORY
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
Atkinson, Frank. The Dynamic Dominion: Realignment and the Rise of Virginia's Republican Party since 1945. Fairfax: George Mason University Press, 1992.
Ayers, Edward L. The Promise of the New South: Life After Reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Ayers, Edward L. and John C. Willis, ed.s. The Edge of the South: Life in Nineteenth Century Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1990.
Barney, Sandra Lee. Authorized to Heal: Gender, Class, and the Transformation of Medicine in Appalachia, 1880-1930. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
Barringer, Paul A. The Sacrifice of a Race. Raleigh, 1900.
Branch, Michael P. and Daniel J. Philippon, ed.s. The Height of Our Mountains: Nature Writing from Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains and Shenandoah Valley. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press for the Center for American Places, 1998.
Bacigal, Ronald. May It Please the Court, A Biography of Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr.. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1992.
Bain, Chester W. Annexation in Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1966.
Boyle, Sarah Patton. The Desegregated Heart: A Virginian's Stand in a Time of Transition. New York: Morrow, 1962.
Borst, Charlotte G. Catching Babies: The Professionalization of Childbirth, 1870-1920. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Brundage, Fitzhugh. Lynching in the New South: Georgia and Virginia, 1880-1930. Black in the New World Series. Chicago: University Illinois Press, 1993.
Chesson, Micheal B. Richmond After the War 1865-1890. Richmond: Virginia State Library, 1981.
Connelly, Thomas L. The Marble Man: Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1977.
Crawley, William B. Bill Tuck: A Political Life in Harry Byrd's Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1978.
Dabney, Virginius. Virginia, The New Dominion: A History from 1607 to the Present. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983.
--------. Dry Messiah. New York, 1949.
Dierenfield, Bruce J. Keeper of the Rules: Congressman Howard W. Smith of Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1987.
Dill, Alonzo Thomas. Chesapeake, Pioneer Papermaker: A History of the Company and Its Communities. Charlottesville, 1968; 2d. ed., rev., West Point, Va., 1987.
Duke, Maurice and Daniel P. Jordan. Tobacco Merchant: The Story of Universal Leaf Tobacco Company. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1995.
Eller, Ronald D. Miners, Millhands, and Mountaineers: Industrialization of the Appalachian South, 1880-1930. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1982.
Engs, Robert Francis. Freedom's First Generation: Black Hampton, Virginia, 1861-1890 Philadelphia, 1979.
Federal Writers' Project. Virginia: A Guide to the Old Dominion. New York: Oxford University Press, 1941.
Fraser, Gertrude. African American Midwifery, Community, and Southern Medicine. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.
Freeman, Douglas Southall. R. E. Lee: a biography. 4 vols. New York: Scribner, 1934.
Foster, Gaines M. Ghosts of the Confederacy: Defeat, the Lost Cause, and the Emergence of the New South. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
Ely, James W., Jr. The Crisis of Conservative Virginia: The Byrd Organization and the Politics of Massive Resistance. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1976.
Fishwick, Marshall W. The Hero, American Style. New York: David McKay Co., 1969.
--------. Virginia: A New Look at the Old Dominion. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959.
--------. The Virginia Tradition. Washington, D. C.: Public Affairs Press, 1956.
Gates, Robbin. The Making of Massive Resistance: Virginia's Politics of School Desegregation, 1954-1956. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1962.
Heinemann, Ronald L. Depression and New Deal in Virginia: The Enduring Dominion. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983.
--------. Harry Byrd of Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1996.
Jackson, Luther Porter. Negro Office Holders in Virginia, 1865-1895. Norfolk, 1945.
Jeffries, John C., Jr. Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. New York, 1994.
Johnson, Franklin. The Development of State Legislation Concerning the Free Negro. Greenwood Press Publishers, 1979, reprint of the ed. published by Arbor Press, New York, Columbia University, 1918.
Joyner, Nancy D. The Death Penalty in Virginia: Its History and Prospects. Charlottesville: University of Virginia, Institute of Government, 1974.
Keve, Paul W. The History of Corrections in Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1986.
Key, V. O., Jr. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York, 1949.
Kirby, Jack Temple. Poquosin: A Study of Rural Landscape and Society. Studies in Rural Culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
--------. Westmoreland Davis: Planter, Politician, 1859-1942. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1968.
Kneebone, John T. Southern Liberal Journalists and the Issue of Race, 1920-1944. The Fred W. Morrison Series in Southern Studies. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985.
Kousser, J. Morgan. The Shaping of Southern Politics: Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One-party South, 1880-1910. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974.
Lambie, Joseph T. From Mine to Market: The History of Coal Transportation on the Norfolk and Western Railway. New York: New York University Press, 1954.
Larsen, William. Montague of Virginia: The Making of a Southern Progressive. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1965.
Link, William A. A Hard Country and a Lonely Place: Schooling, Society, and Reform in Rural Virginia, 1870-1920. The Fred W. Morrison Series in Southern Studies. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1986.
Liedholdt, Alexander S. Standing Before the Shouting Mob: Lenoir Chambers and Virginia’s Massive Resistance to Public-School Integration. The University of Alabama Press, 1997.
Lewis, Andrew B. and Lassiter, Matthew D. The Moderates' Dilemma: Massive Resistance to School Desegregation in Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998.
Lewis, Earl. In Their Own Interests: Race, Class, and Power in Twentieth Century Norfolk, Virginia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Lindgren, James. Preserving the Old Dominion: Historical Preservation and Virginia Traditionalism. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993.
Lombardo, Paul A. Miscegenation, eugenics, and racism: Historical Footnotes to Loving v. Virginia. Davis: University of California, Davis, 1988.
Lowe, Richard. Republicans and Reconstruction in Virginia, 1865-1870. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1991.
Maddex, Jack P., Jr. The Virginia Conservatives, 1867-1879. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1970.
Miller, Francis Pikens. Man from the Valley: Memoirs of a 20th Century Virginian. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1971.
Moger, Allen W. Virginia: from Bourbonism to Byrd. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1968.
Montjoy, Robert S. and O' Toole, Laurence J., Jr. Regulatory Decision Making: The Virignia State Corporation Commission. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1984.
Morgan, Lynda J. Emancipation in Virginia's Tobacco Belt, 1850-1870. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992.
Morris, Thomas R. The Virginia Supreme Court: An Institutional and Political Analysis. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1975.
Moore, James Tice. Two Paths to the New South: The Virginia Debt Controversy, 1870-1883. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1974.
Murray, Pauli, ed. States' Laws on Race and Color. Studies in the Legal History of the South, ed. by Paul Finkelman and Kermit L. Hall. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997.
Muse, Benjamin. Ten Years of Prelude: The Story of Integration Since the Supreme Court's 1954 Decision. New York, 1964.
--------. Virginia's Massive Resistance. Bloomington: Bloomington University Press, 1961.
Netherton, Nan, and Donald Sweig, Janice Artemel, Patricia Hickin, and Patrick Reed. Fairfax County, Virginia: A History. Fairfax: Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, 1978.
Nolan, Allan T. Lee Considered: General Robert E. Lee and Civil War History. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
O'Brien, Jr., John Thomas. From Bondage to Citizenship: The Richmond Black Community, 1865-1867. Studies in Nineteenth Century American Political and Social History. New York, 1990.
Orfield, Gary and Susan E. Eaton, ed. Dismantling Desegregation: The Quiet Reversal of Brown v. Board of Education. New York, 1996.
Parramore, Thomas C., with Peter C. Stewart and Tommy L. Bogger. Norfolk: The First Four Centuries. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1994.
Pearson, Charles C. The Readjuster Movement in Virginia, Yale University Press, 1917.
Pendleton, William C. Political History of Appalachian Virginia, 1776-1927. Dayton, Va., 1927.
Pickens, Donald. Eugenics and the Progressives. Nashville, 1968.
Pincus, Samuel N. The Virginia Supreme Court, Blacks, and the law, 1870-1900. New York: Garland, 1990.
Pratt, Robert A. The Color of Their Skin: Education and Race in Richmond, Virginia, 1954-89. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1992.
Pulley, Raymond H. Old Virginia Restored: An Interpretation of the Progressive Impulse, 1870-1930. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1968.
Rachleff, Peter J. Black Labor in the South: Richmond, Virginia, 1865-1890. Champagne: University of Illinois Press, 1989.
Rice, Jessie Pearl. J. L. M. Curry: Southerner, Statesman, and Educator. New York: King's Crown Press, 1949.
Robert, Joseph C. Ethyl: A History of the Corporation and the People who Made It. Charlottesville, 1983.
Schlegel, Marvin. Conscripted city; Norfolk in World War II. Norfolk [Va.] Norfolk War History Commission, 1951.
Sckopol, Theda. Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of State Policy in the United States. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1992.
Sheldon, William Dubose. Populism in the Old Dominion: Virginia Farm Politics 1885-1900. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1935.
Shifflett, Crandall A. Patronage and Poverty in the Tobacco South, Louisa County, Virginia, 1860-1900. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1982.
----------. Coal Towns: Life, Work, and Culture in Company Towns of Southern Appalachia, 1880-1960. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1991.
Silver, Christopher. Twentieth Centry Richmond: Planning, Politics, and Race. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1984.
Smith, Bob. They Closed Their Schools: Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1951-64. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1965.
Smith, John D. The Eugenic Assault on America. Fairfax, 1993.
Stokes, Anson Phelps. Negro Status and Race Relations in the United States, 1911-1946: The Thirty-five Year Report of the Phelps-Stokes Fund. New York, 1948.
Suggs, Henry Lewis. P. B. Young: Newpaperman: Race, Politics, and Journalism in the New South, 1910-1962. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1988.
Tazewell, William L. Newport News Shipbuilding: The First Century. Newport News, Va., 1986.
Tyler-McGraw, Marie. At the Falls: Richmond, Virginia, and its People. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
Treadway, Sandra Gioia. Women of Mark: A History of the Woman's Club of Richmond, Virginia, 1894-1994. Richmond: Library of Virginia Press, 1995.
Virginia Writers' Project. The Negro in Virginia. New York: Arno Press, 1969.
Waller, Altina L. Fued: Hatfields, McCoys, and Social Change in Appalachia, 1860-1900. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.
Wheeler, Marjorie Spruill. New Women of the New South: The Leaders of the Woman Suffrage Movement in the Southern States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Wilkinson, J. Harvie III. From Brown to Baake. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
--------. Harry Byrd and the Changing Face of Virginia Politics, 1945-1966. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1968.
Wynes, Charles E. Race Relations in Virginia, 1870-1902. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1961.
ARTICLES
Bailey, Fred Arthur. "Free Speech and Lost Cause in the Old Dominion." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 103 (1995): 237-66.
Bromberg, Alan B. "The Virginia Congressional Elections of 1865: A Test of Southern Loyalty." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 84 (1976): 75-98.
Brown, Elsa Barkley. "Womanist Consciousness: Maggie Lena Walker and the Independent Order of St. Luke." Signs XIV (Spring 1989): 610-33.
Cappon, Lester J. "Two Decades of Historical Activity in Virginia." Journal of Southern History 6 (May 1940): 189-200.
Dierenfield, Kathleen Murphy. "One 'Desegregated Heart': Sarah Patton Boyle and the Crusade for Civil Rights in Virginia." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 104 (1996): 251-284.
Doss, Richard B. "Democrats in the Doldrums: Virginia and the Democratic National Convention of 1904." Journal of Southern History 20 (November 1954): 511-529.
Fry, Joseph A. "Rayon, Riot, and Repression: The Covington Sit-down Strike of 1937." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 84 (1976): 3-18.
Gordon, Linda. "Black and White Visions of Welfare: Women's Welfare Activism, 1890-1945." Journal of American History 78 (September 1991): 559-590.
Gudmestad, Robert H. "Baseball, the Lost Cause, and the New South in Richmond, Virginia, 1883-1890." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 106 (Summer 1998): 267-300.
Heinemann, Ronald L. "Virginia in the Twentieth Century: Recent Interpretations." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 94 (1986): 131-60.
Hohner, Robert A. "Bishop Cannon's Apprenticeship in Temperance Politics, 1901-1918." Journal of Southern History 34 (February 1968): 33-49.
Holt, Wythe Whiting, Jr. "The Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1901-02: A Reform Movement Which Lacked Substance." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 76 (1968): 67-102.
Johnston, James Hugo. "The Participation of Negroes in the Government of Virginia from 1877-1888." Journal of Negro History 14 (July 1929): 251-271.
Jones, Robert R. "James L. Kemper and the Virginia Redeemers Face the Race Question: A Reconsideration." Journal of Southern History 38 (August 1972): 393-414.
Kelley, Robin D. G. "'We Are Not What We Seem': Rethinking Black Working Class Opposition in the Jim Crow South." Journal of American History 80 (June 1993): 75-112.
Kinney, Martha E. "'If Vanquished I Am Still Victorious': Religious and Cultural Symbolism in Virginia's Confederate Memorial Day Celebrations, 1866-1930." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 106 (Summer 1998): 237-267.
Koeniger, A. Cash. "The New Deal and the States: Roosevelt Versus the Byrd Organization in Virginia." Journal of American History 68 (March 1982): 876-896.
Lemons, J. Stanley. "The Sheppard-Towner Act: Progressivism in the 1920s." The Journal of American History, 55 (March 1969): 776-786.
Lewis, W. David. "Joseph Bryan and the Virginia Connection in the Industrial Development of Northern Alabama." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 98 (October 1990): 613-41.
Lewis, Ronald L. "From Peasant to Proletarian: The Migration of Southern Blacks to the Central Appalachian Coalfields." Journal of Southern History 55 (February 1989): 77-102.
Love, Richard. "In Defiance of Custom and Tradition: Black Tobacco Workers and Labor Unions in Richmond, Virginia, 1937-1941." Labor History 35 (1994): 25-47.
Lowe, Richard. "Local Black Leaders During Reconstruction in Virginia." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 103 (1995): 181-216.
----------. "Testimony from the Old Dominion before the Joint Committee on Reconstruction." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 104 (1996): 373-397.
Medford, Edna Green. "Land and Labor: The Quest for Black Economic Independence on Virginia's Lower Peninsula, 1865-1880." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 100 (1992): 567-82.
Moger, Allen. "Railroad Practices and Policies in Virginia after the Civil War." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 59 (October, 1951).
--------. "The Rift in the Virginia Democracy in 1896." Journal of Southern History, 4 (August, 1938).
--------. "Industrial and Urban Progress in Virginia from 1880-1900." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography LXVI (1958): 307-336.
Moore, Louis. "The Elusive Center: Virginia Politics and the General Assembly, 1869-1871." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 103 (1995): 207-36.
Munger, Frank. "Social Change and Tort Litigation: Industrialization, Accidents, and Trial Courts in Southern West Virginia, 1872 to 1940." Buffalo Law Review 36 (1987): 75-118.
Palmore, Joseph R. "The Not-So-Strange Career of Interstate Jim Crow: Race, Transportation, and the Dormant Commerce Clause, 1878-1946." Virginia Law Review (November 1997): 1773-1817.
Pratt, Robert A. "New Directions in Civil Rights History." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. 104 (Winter 1996): 151.
Reidy, Joseph. "Coming from the Shadow of the Past: The Transition from Slavery to Freedom at Freedmen's Village, 1863-1900." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 95 (1987): 403-28.
Sanders, Robert H. "Progressive Historians and the Late Nineteenth-Century Agrarian Revolt: Virginia as a Historiographical Test Case." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 79 (October 1971): 484-92.
Scott, Anne Firor. "Most Invisible of All: Black Women's Voluntary Associations." Journal of Southern History 56 (February 1990): 3-22.
--------. "After Suffrage: Southern Women in the Twenties." Journal of Southern History 30 (August 1964): 298-318.
Schweninger, Loren. "The Roots of Enterprise: Black Owned Businesses in Virginia, 1830-1880." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 100 (1992): 515-42.
Sherman, Richard B. "The 'Teachings at Hampton Institute': Social Equality, Racial Integrity, and the Virginia Public Assemblage Act of 1926." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 95 (1987): 275-300.
--------. "The Last Stand': The Fight for Racial Integrity in Virginia in the 1920s." Journal of Southern History 54 (1988): 69-92.
Taylor, A. A. "Democracy Crushed by Caste in [The Negro in the Reconstruction of Virginia]" Journal of Negro History 11 (July 1926): 513-537.
Thomas, William G. "'Under Indictment:' Thomas Lafayette Rosser and the New South." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography (April 1992): 207-232.
Treadway, Sandra Gioia. "New Directions in Virginia Women's History." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 100 (1992): 5-28.
Wallenstein, Peter. "'These New and Strange Beings': Women in the Legal Profession in Virginia, 1890-1990." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 101 (1993): 193-226.
Waldrep, Christopher. "War of Words: The Controversy over the Definition of Lynching, 1899-1940." Journal of Southern History (February 2000): 75-100.
Watkinson, James D. "William Washington Browne and the True Reformers of Richmond, Virginia." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 97 (1989): 375-98.
Wynes, Charles E. "Lewis Harvie Blair, Virginia Reformer: The Uplift of the Negro and Southern Prosperity."
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 72 (1964).--------. "The Evolution of Jim Crow Laws in Twentieth Century Virginia." Phylon 28 (Winter 1967): 416-18.
DISSERTATIONS AND THESES
Bear, James Adam, Jr. "Thomas Staples Martin, A Study in Virginia Politics, 1883-1896." Master's thesis, University of Virginia, 1952.
Crowe, Dallas R. "Desegregation of Charlottesville, Virginia, Public Schools, 1954-1969: A Case Study." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1971.
Dolan, Laurel C. "A History of Negro Education in the Alexandria City Public Schools, 1900-1964." Master's thesis, American University, 1969.
Doss, Richard B. "John Warwick Daniel, A Study in Virginia Democracy." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1955.
Gay, Thomas Edward, Jr. "The Virginia State Corporation Commission." Master's thesis, University of Virginia, 1965.
Hathorn, Guy B. "The Political Career of C. Bascom Slemp." Ph.D. dissertation, Duke University, 1951.
Holt, Wythe Whiting, Jr. "Virginia's Constitutional Convention of 1901-02." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1979.
Shibley, Ronald Edward. "Election Laws and Electoral Practices in Virginia, 1867-1902." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1972.
Smith, John Douglas. "Managing white supremacy : politics and culture in Virginia, 1919-1939." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1998.
Weathers, Victor Duvall. "The Political Career of Allen Caperton Braxton." Master's thesis, University of Virginia, 1953.
LITERATURE, MUSIC, ARCHITECTURE
Auchincloss, Louis. Ellen Glasgow. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1964.
Greene, J. Lee. Time's Unfading Garden: Anne Spencer's Life and Poetry. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977.
Goodman, Susan. Ellen Glasgow: a biography. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
O'Neal, William B. Architecture in Virginia: An Official Guide to Four Centuries of Building in the Old Dominion. New York: Walker & Co., 1968.
Virginia Traditions, Blue Ridge Institute Records, Ferrum, Va., 1988
Yetter, George Humphrey. Williamsburg Before and After: The Rebirth of Virginia's Colonial Capital. Williamsburg: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988.
OTHER RESOURCES AND GUIDES
Database of African American Poetry, Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia, http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/aapd.html
Essays in History, University of Virginia Department of History, http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/journals/EH/
Plunkett, Michael. Afro-American Sources in Virginia: A guide to manuscripts. University Press of Virginia, 1994, http://www.upress.virginia.edu/plunkett/mfp.html.
University of Virginia Special Collections, Alderman Library, http://www.lib.virginia.edu/speccol/
University of Virginia Geospatial and Statistical Data Center, Alderman Library, http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/
Virginia World War I History Commission Questionnaires, Library of Virginia, http://eagle.vsla.edu/wwi/
Virginia WPA Life Histories Project, Library of Virginia, http://eagle.vsla.edu/wpa/
FILMS AND DOCUMENTARIES
"New Deal Virginia", The Ground Beneath Our Feet: a film series on Virginia history since the Civil War, Central Virginia Educational Television Corporation, 1999.
"Reconfiguring Virginia." The Ground Beneath Our Feet: a film series on Virginia history since the Civil War. Central Virginia Educational Television Corporation, 1999.
"A Perfect Candidate," Arpie Films ; produced and directed by R.J. Cutler and David Van Taylor. New York, NY : First Run/Icarus Films, 1996.
"The Lynchburg Story." Worldview Pictures Production. Publication info: New York, NY : Filmakers Library, Inc., c. 1993.
"Justice in the Coalfields." Anne Lewis, Whitesburg, Ky. : Appalshop, c1995.
"Fair Lakes, Fairfax Virginia." [videorecording] Publication info: Washington, DC : ULI, c1988.
"Black musical traditions in Virginia." [videorecording] : non-blues secular music / Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, Blue Ridge Institute of Ferrum College. Virginia : Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, [198-?].
"Remembering Ellen Glasgow." produced by Marvin K. Heffner. Richmond: RB Video Productions, 1993.